Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Free responce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Free responce - Essay Example Goodness or lack of goodness in a person determines people’s view towards immorality. In this relation, it is usual for a bad person or a person who has been considered as immoral to engage in immorality. On the other hand, it is unusual for a good person to engage in immoral behavior. The society judges individuals according to their perceived behavior. In this judgment, every individual is classified as either a good or a bad person. Good people are judged more harshly for every wrong act committed than bad people are. In the second interpretation, the decline to immorality of a good person is similar to a slander. Good people are the models of every society, everyone in the society want to act and live their life as they do. Their decline into immorality not only affects their reputation but also the reputations of those who look upon them. In addition good people judge themselves harshly for every immorality they commit. Dorian case illustrates this claim effectively. After committing murder, Dorian hated himself and his image; this made him to commit suicide after stabbing his

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Defects Caused by a Defective Government

Defects Caused by a Defective Government Kyleigh Grandon Erin Miller Between the years of 1961 and 1971, over 11 million gallons of an extremely harmful pesticide were sprayed throughout what equates to 10% of Southern Vietnam, or 4.2 million acres. The pesticide, Agent Orange, would go onto lead quite a legacy, ranging from severe birth defects and various types of cancer. The United States is responsible for these health issues that influence over 2.1 million peoples lives today. Veterans that fought in the Vietnam War cannot control who they pass the illnesses on to, so many of their poor, unknowing children and grandchildren are impacted as well. The Department of Defense needs to take responsibility for the effects of Agent Orange and increase the funding to stop the suffering. Agent Orange was accidentally created in 1943 by Arthur Galston. Originally only supposed to be a plant growth stimulant, the pesticide wiped the plants out. This caught the eye of scientists at Fort Detrick in Maryland and they began to study Galstons work. With the help of the British Air Force, Agent Orange was born. Though initially not toxic, it becomes hazardous during production with the addition of the chemical dioxin. Galston boycotted the use for years, but it was not stopped until the presidency of Richard Nixon in 1971. During this time, millions were exposed leading to many severe health problems that most still have today. Money was not given to Vietnam by the country responsible, the United States, until 2007. The U.S. did not even mention helping the Vietnamese until 2006. The fact that 35 years passed before discussions even began is outrageous. When high levels of dioxin were found in soil in two locations in the United States: Love Canal and Time Beach, the Vietnamese almost immediately provided clean-up services and help for American veterans. Over 12 years went by before the United States government considered helping the more severely affected Vietnamese people. There is absolutely no reason why such a long period of time had to go by before the Department of Defense brought the severe effects of Agent Orange before Congress so they could provide proper funding and resolution. One Vietnamese study estimates that up to five million people have health issues that are caused by exposure to Agent Orange. Of the 5 million people suffering, 3.5 million are veterans that have such severe problems, many parish every day.   If they are lucky enough to survive, they are faced with the fact that their health issues can still be passed on to their children and their childrens offspring. Approximately 350,000 family members of these veterans have health issues, many being small children. Most that are affected have a cleft palate, congenital heart disease, and / or spina bifida and many do not live until the age of 18. These are only three of the possible 31 diseases listed by the United States Department of Veteran Affairs. With many victims living in small, poverty-stricken villages, they are unable to afford proper medical care and every day parents are forced to watch their small children pass. With all the acts Congress passed between 2007 and 2011, they gave $31,000,000 in total. With the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2012, Vietnam received a well deserved $20,000,000 on top of that. However, it still is not enough, with 17 of 23 soil samples taken from Da Nang, Vietnams fifth highest populated city and busy tourist area, being deemed harmful and far above international standards.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   This is devastating, considering there are 1.047 million people living there and when tested, the test results of some Da Nang residents was 100 times above acceptable. A bone marrow and tissue test is typically done to help diagnose people who are ill, but many are unable to receive them because a single test costs a grand. Since most of the funds from the U.S. go towards clean-up, people who suffer with health issues are left stranded, hoping they can get free healthcare just to stay alive. The fact that the clean-up completion date only keeps getting pushed even further into the future and that more people just become exposed everyday is pitiful. This just goes on to prove that Department of Defense does not want to take full responsibility because they are only looking out for themselves and cannot realize the humane thing to do. Since the United States is the highest donator towards the Agent Orange clean-up, many think that they have done enough. With a total of almost 62 million dollars donated, that is completely understandable. 75% of cleanup is complete as of mid-2016, so the question some are asking is why the United States should come up with more funding. When Americans do not have the healthcare coverage they need, the government feels like why should they have to pay for another countrys healthcare. With every one person exposed and the chance to still pass it down from generation to generation it simply means the effects will never end. With millions suffering every day with defects from a defective government, the Department of Defense needs to reach out a longer helping hand to reach those in villages who need increased help. Additionally, the highest concentrated area is next to an airport that has four million attendees a year, one million of those people being foreigners. This only means that the effects of dioxin are potentially spreading all throughout the world for more to get ill. The United States does not recognize any legal liability for damages alleged to be related by Agent Orange. Why is that when they are 100% responsible? Vietnam did not spray Agent Orange on their own country, America did it all. Every time someone gets a disability from Agent Orange, it is all because of us. Dear Department of Defense, accept reality, be humane, and take full responsibility for the mess you have caused.

Friday, October 25, 2019

The Character of Daisy in Henry James Daisy Miller Essay -- Henry Jam

        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What is the purpose of Daisy in the novel Daisy Miller by Henry James?   Why did James create such a beguiling and bewildering character?   Since the publication of James's novel in 1878, Daisy has worn several labels, among them "flirt," "innocent," and "American Girl."   Daisy's representation of an American Girl of the late 19th century is evident.   Her free-spiritedness and individuality reflect the social movement of the American middle-class.   The question of Daisy's innocence, however, remains unanswered.   One of the most interesting aspects about Daisy is her distance from the reader.   The reader is not given access to Daisy's inner thoughts or emotions.   Instead, the reader must observe Daisy through the limited perception of her would-be lover, Frederick Winterbourne.   Although Daisy's psyche is a mystery, her relationship with Winterbourne reveals her true purpose in the novel.   Daisy is a failed catalyst, or an agent of cha nge.   She offers Winterbourne spontaneity, freedom and love.   In other words, through daisy, Winterbourne has an opportunity to change.    But Winterbourne rejects her and thus Daisy fails as a catalyst.   Ironically, by rejecting Daisy, Winterbourne fails himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One way in with Daisy fails as an agent of change is that she is a member of the newly rich American middle-class.   Winterbourne, however, is a member of the Europeanized American class who are, as Ian F. A. Bell notes, "only slightly less 'nouveau' (newly rich) than the mercantilist Millers" (Reeve 23).   These Europeanized Americans, aptly represented by Winterbourne's aunt, reject Daisy and her family because they want to retain their higher position on the social ladder.   Ironically, Daisy Miller may have been accepted ... ...ublishers, 1990. Graham, Kenneth.   Henry James:   A Literary Life.    Houndsmills, England:   MacMillan Press Ltd. , 1995. Hocks, Richard A.   Henry James:   A Study of the Short Fiction.   Twayne's Studies in Short Fiction.   Boston:   Twayne Publishers, 1990. James, Henry.   Daisy Miller:   A Study.   The Heath Anthology of American Literature.   3rd ed. Vol. 2 Eds. Paul Lauter and Richard Yarborough.    Boston:   Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998.  Ã‚   452-92. 2 vols. Pollak, Vivian R., ed.   New Essays on Daisy Miller and The Turn of the Screw.   The American Novel Series.   New York:  Ã‚   Cambridge University Press, 1993. Reeve, N. H., ed.   Henry James:   The Shorter Fiction.    Houndsmills, England:   MacMillan Press Ltd., 1997. Scheiber, Andrew J.   "Embedded Narrations of Science and Culture in James's Daisy Miller."   College Literature 21.2   (1994):   75-88.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Comparison of Women Characters in A Dollhouse and The Necklace

Both Nora of A doll’s House and Mathilda of The Necklace, has been portrayed as dramatic characters that possess the â€Å"freedom pf incongruity†.   This inappropriateness in their characters enables them to become extra-ordinary characters.Their incongruity lies in the fact that both aspire an upward mobility i.e. a move into the higher societies.They are prey to their circumstances as Mathilda â€Å"suffered ceaselessly, feeling herself born for all the delicacies and all the luxuries. She suffered from the poverty of her dwelling, from the wretched look of the walls, from the worn-out chairs, from the ugliness of the curtains†.(Maupassant) Mathilda only lets herself experience suffering only due to the fact that she thinks she deserves more in life than what she has. Nora too wants the luxuries of life.Both are victims of Victorian socio-cultural milieu and morality. Mathilda had to suffer from the burden of gratitude that she owes to her friend. Maupassant depicts the values of Victorian moral consciousness as Mathilda had ruined her life to replace the necklace.Ibsen has depicted a typical Victorian wife who is servile. She submits to her husbands harsh and normally acquiesces his will on mundane decision-making. She has no objection on her servility as Victorian has socialized her so but her domestic unrest agonizes her.Both Maupassant and Ibsen have depicted the characters that have an air of immaturity about them as they are running behind illusions. Nora is depicted as a childish wife whereas Mathilda’s over-ambitiousness has blindfolded her to indulge in silly acts. This immaturity brings their ruination.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

LLM Personal Statement

Dear Sir: Early in life, I knew that I would become a successful lawyer. When I was a child, I had a picture of myself reading â€Å"The Little Book of Lawyers†. The book is a simple introduction to law that was written to make it easy for a young reader to understand. At an early age, I always wanted to know how to defend myself and my family from injustice. My passion for the study of law grew when the landlord of the home where I lived with my parents, served us an eviction order. As a result of our problem, I started studying Lease Law when I was in high school to determine if our lawyer was pursuing our case correctly. Fortunately, we won the case and this inspired me to begin my law study at the Università   Statale di Milano. After completing my law studies, I commenced my training experience in the law firm of the lawyer who assisted my family in the eviction procedure. I have regarded him as a meticulous mentor who has provided me with vast knowledge, exposure and experience and trained me to work in an orderly, precise and professional manner. After almost two years of law practice, I have confirmed a strong desire to specialize in International Law.   My love for International Law started when I was at the University where I studied under the tutelage of great professors such as Fausto Pocar and Tullio Treves. To have a better grasp of International Law, I decided to work at Clifford Chance LLP, a firm known to have a very strong international network. It has been almost four years now since I began my law practice at Clifford Chance (CC).   Since Clifford Chance had offices in various countries, I gained a lot of experience while working with colleagues in other CC international offices. I am usually assigned to work with colleagues from the London headquarters and the New York offices but I am often given the opportunity to work with other offices, e.g. Germany and Spain. As I deal with various cases, I learn to understand the importance of International Law.   I was astonished by the incredible ways various jurisdictions intertwined together and how the rules of every country combined in a unique entity in order to allow parties to have business relationships all around the world. Nowadays, the world is a very small place due to globalization and the advancement of technology. Even the smallest business has to deal with customers from different countries in order to be competitive. In my practice, I have encountered questions, e.g. what happens when an agreement is ruled by a law different from the country where the party in default lives? How can I enforce a judgment issued in Italy if the debtor is in Portugal? What happens when a company in Russia has to deal with a debtor who was declared bankrupt in Italy? The above are few of the problems that a good international lawyer has to deal with.   These are not easy issues and a lawyer has to study and work a lot and have good teachers in order to know how to handle them correctly. At Clifford Chance, I had the opportunity to work on very big and important issues. We dealt with the bankruptcy of one of the main companies in our country. This company has subsidiaries all over the world, has business relationship with different countries, and has issued bonds on the market. Although the international issues were complicated, dealing with the problem was extremely interesting as I worked together with highly qualified professionals who helped me understand the complexities of every issue. My passion to specialize in International Law has strengthened my desire to further my studies and pursue LLM in International Business and Trade Law.   I have always been focused in the pursuit of my career and my studies and work performance will attest that I have been a meticulous scholar, and a result driven lawyer.   As I always believe that we should always strive for excellence, I tend to work in a precise manner so I can achieve the best result. This is something that I have learned in my work experience. I believe in the saying that if you want to be a good professional, you have to think that you must become the best professional. It is only in aiming high that you can reach the higher points of knowledge, professionalism and skills. I hope that you will grant my application to pursue my studies in (write the name of the university). I strongly believe that pursuing the LLM International Business and Trade Law program will allow me to grain a solid knowledge and exposure on issues related to international law that will lead me to become a skilled professional in this field of study. Thank you very much. Very truly yours, Aaron Ghirardelli

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Marital Rape essays

Marital Rape essays Silent Victims: The impact of Marital Rape It is hard for most to imagine in our own conscious minds being raped by someone that you share your life, home, and even family with. To have the person that is supposed to love you until death do you part to betray you in such a way that is causes psychological injuries to yourself. Let alone to constantly deal with a deeply seated lack of trust in their partners, acute fear, self doubt and the overwhelming reality that this sexual attack is likely to happen again. This paper is going to inform you about the facts and myths, what is marital rape, its causes, the types of marital rape, and the psychological effects it has on women. Marital rape known to many as wife rape is the term used to describe sexual acts committed without a persons consent and/or against a persons will, whether perpetrator is the womans husband or ex-husband. A wife does not have to be putting up a good fight for it to be rape ( according to the law). Some woman have been hurt in the past for not accepting sexual advance from their husbands thus choosing to minimize the harm that could be done to herself by resisting as little as possible. Many battered woman have reported that husbands have demanded sex directly following a beating, as prof that the wife forgives him for beating her. When a woman submits to sex out of fear or coercion, it is rape. It is hard to believe that just 20 years ago no husband could be charged with raping his wife, due to the section in the rape laws called the Marital Rape Exemption. A few myths from the past such as it was believed that when someone marries, consent to sexual intercourse is part of the marriage contract and that marital rape is not as serious as rape by a stranger. Simply put it is just one spouse not being in the mod and the other spouse insisting. Another is that marital rape is simply one...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Writing a Civil Engineering Term Paper That Impresses Everyone

Writing a Civil Engineering Term Paper That Impresses Everyone Civil engineering is an academic profession that is interesting to many learners. Many students across the world are enrolling for the course as learners desire to understand the design and development of structures. Civil engineering students usually become professional engineers dealing with the design, developmental, construction, and management of natural and physically built infrastructure. The course usually focuses on developing roads, bridges, canals, buildings, and dams. One of the primary skills learned by civil engineering students is writing a term paper. In this regard, the structure and makeup of the papers vary depending on the demands by the tutors. However, the civil engineering course focuses on developing a student wholesomely to have both theoretical and practical skills to create and maintain the physical environment. Whereas practical skills are vital in the execution of civil works, proficient writing ability is essential in developing building plans, editing p rogress reports, and filling grand application documents. The importance of essay writing in civil engineering is further stressed by its communication ability. Ideally, while working on large projects, communication between various sections occurs through written communication, which is often regarded as reporting. Practical assessment of structures and established recommendations are also communicated through reports thereby making essay writing a crucial part of civil engineering. Learners are involved in the report writing in civil engineering. There are those who find it hectic while others are comfortable with it. Principally, most learners prefer a one-sided learning process in which they receive information from the tutors and, in turn, are not required to produce the acquired knowledge through writing. Ideally, the unilateral approach provides an easy way of learning especially to students. However, it has a weak effect in installing vital skills that are required in the professional execution of civil engineering tasks. Moreover, the approach makes it impossible for the teachers to evaluate the students’ understanding regarding the taught information. It is critical that students view term paper writing as an essential aspect of the learning process in civil engineering. Moreover, it can be fun and enjoyable if proper considerations and tips are put in place before, during, and after the writing. In this regard, the primary aspect to posses is th e topic to cover. Furthermore, the need to have effective writing and communication skills should be complemented by the high relevance of the term paper to the information thought by instructors. Tutors also want to see how a learner can apply class knowledge to practical situations in the real world as civil engineering incorporates current influences on the environment. Choose a Striking Topic for a Term Paper in Civil Engineering Students may learn many topics during a particular term, which focus on different areas of civil engineering. The subject is wide with a variety of topics. Selecting a topic for a term paper, it is vital that it reflects aspects from all the topics within that term. Moreover, the topic should align with the objectives of the studies carried out. In developing a civil engineering term paper topic, students have to consider any questions posted by instructors, which have to be answered. In this regard, the questions can inform the learner on the type of a topic to choose. The approach limits the scope from which a topic has to be selected and eases the process for the students. In instances where there are no questions from the instructor, a student may need to evaluate the primary theme in a term’s lessons and create a topic from it. For example, if the semester’s lessons have focused on the application of civil engineering in the natural and physical environment, a student may choose a topic which evaluates the role of civil engineering in the environment. In this regard, the information used to write the term paper should come from the learned lessons. However, in term papers, one has to understand what the instructor seeks and then tailor the term paper that meets these particular needs. Primarily, in situations where there is no topic given to write a term paper on, students can consider various factors which include: Consider the history of the course. Students at different levels often write term papers during particular semesters. Therefore, it is important to evaluate and go through previous readings on civil engineering and then get to understand the particular information, which informed the student’s term paper topics. Particularly, it is important to critically analyze and relate the topics covered within previous terms. The approach helps the student not to go into a term paper writing blindly but, instead, understand how to use the class information as the primary reference for the paper. Carry out extensive research. The success of term paper writing in civil engineering is influenced significantly by how much information is presented in the paper as well as its relevance to the instructor’s needs. Furthermore, the information needs to be reliable and from credible sources. To achieve this, students have to take enough time for researching both the Internet and physical sources. Be factual. Civil engineering focuses on constructing and maintaining structures in the physical and built environment. The structures have to be safe and durable. Therefore, all the designs developed have to be 100% accurate with no margin for error. Thus, it is vital that one sticks to facts. Developing a topic that is factual is vital because it will evaluate both sides of the story and then offer an informed conclusion. Moreover, when some doubts exist in the study, learners should not draw any conclusions but offer recommendations that more research needs to be carried out to ascertain the facts concerning that particular phenomenon. Topic breakdown. A term paper topic should be designed in a way that grabs the reader’s attention. Breaking down of the subject into sub-headings and points helps to capture this attention. Relevance. The title selected should align itself with the objectives of the instructors and the class in general. The approach will ease the instructor’s role in evaluating the understanding of the issue. Moreover, the topic selected for the paper should be current. Primarily, various problems exist in the natural and physical environment. The chosen topic should be able to address these concerns within contemporary society. Current topics that can be discussed in a civil engineering term paper include: Automated highway systems; Earthquake resistant structure; Bacterial concrete; Sonication; Soil-cement; Top-down cracking. Any of these topics should be selected based on personal understanding and relevance to the learned information during the semester. After that, one can proceed to the preparation stage, which focuses on pre-writing activities. Pre-Writing Tips: Start Writing Properly Most learners face challenges in writing term papers because they do not prepare adequately. Therefore, before beginning the actual writing process, students should consider various aspects, which include: Confirming the allocated timeline for the paper: Nobody wants to be late delivering their task as it presents challenges for the instructor and is a sign of poor time management. Consequently, learners should carefully evaluate the allocated time for the task as well as other instructions. Time is crucial because it will influence how one sets up to carry out specific activities within the overall term paper. Moreover, the allocated time significantly determiners the amount of research required which can also inform a learner about the instructor’s objectives. In this regard, an extended timeframe for a short paper may indicate that the instructor wants the student to carry out extensive research on the topic. However, students should be careful with extended deadlines as they sometimes can lead to the development of laziness. Brainstorming: Once a topic is developed, particular ideas come to the mind even before carrying out any research. For a term paper, this is direct because the previously learned class lessons are the primary sources of information. Brainstorming requires that a student notes down these ideas as they come. They do not have to be positive or good ideas only, bad thoughts also have to be noted down. Furthermore, there is no need to follow any writing format or specifications during brainstorming. Free-writing: After brainstorming, students can write some of the ideas in a logical flow with complete sentences yet without consideration of writing mechanics. The approach helps one to avoid censoring ideas. For example, while writing about automated transport system, a student can note this down: All transport networks should be automated, be it the railway, road, or waterway. Also, the vessels using these systems should not affect the design of the transport networks. Moreover, people need to understand the value of automation in transport as well as should help to protect it. However, what will be the cost of these designs? Mind-Mapping: The approach refers to developing an answer or solution to a particular concern using various ideas. In this regard, one generates ideas from a specific topic and then develops other ‘sub-ideas’ from it. Mind-mapping is essential in ensuring the relevancy of the term paper to the instructors requirements. Question-Asking: Gathering information about a topic from a neutral position is tricky for some learners. The primary challenge lies in deciding what particular information should be picked and what ought to be discarded. In such situations, question asking could be essential. The technique involves asking yourself questions about the selected topic and then finding solutions to it. In the end, one manages to gain more insight into the title as more questions are developed then answered. For example, Question What are the primary start points in automating a road network? Response weighbridges, speed traps, and street lighting. The Key Concepts and Terminologies in Civil Engineering Writing a civil engineering term paper is different from other documents in many aspects. Primarily, the concepts used are unique to engineering and have to relate to the topics learned in class. Ideally, the terms are part of concepts taught by instructors with few additions from the carried out research. However, it is important to use common terminologies, which will be understood easily by the instructor as well as other people who might read the term paper. Common concepts in civil engineering include: Construction: The process of coming up or building infrastructure. Concrete: Is the material, which is composed of coarse and fine aggregates, bonded by the cement in the fluid form? Continuity: The transfer of loads from one member to another. Structural engineering: Organization and arrangement of components of a system. Load: Weight exerted on structural members. The stated terms are the most commonly used, but there are many others, which can be adopted in writing a civil engineering term paper. The Ultimate Writing of a Paper: The Hardest Yet the Briefest Stage The actual writing of a civil engineering term paper should begin with an outline. It should serve as a guide, which logically organizes all the ideas. Primarily, the civil engineering term paper uses a similar format as in other subjects. The term paper begins with an abstract, introduction, literature review, research methodology, results, and recommendations. However, there should be a title paper and another last page for references. Title Page: The section of the paper where the topic, name, and instructor’s details are written. Abstract: The paper section, which offers an overview of the term paper by describing the main points. Introduction: The paper’s first section which informs the readers about the topic and the primary objective. Literature Review: The section explains the studies and research articles, which have been carried out on the topic. Research methodology: Describes the techniques, which were used to gather information for the paper. Primary description includes research variables, models, and methods used. Results: The section offers a description of the findings from the research. Recommendations: The section describes the views of the researcher and possible future suggestions. Round up the Term Paper: Final Touches Our Writers Make After writing everything, a student has to read the document several times. The purpose of this is to make sure that the ideas written in the paper are the ones intended. Moreover, it is vital to ensure that all writing mechanics have been observed in the paper. Proofreading should also be done several times taking short breaks. Essential techniques while proofreading are as follows: Read the paper several times; Take breaks to relax your mind before proofreading; Proofread the paper in sections. Work on one part at a time; Ask another person to proofread the paper. References: Baker, K. M. (2016). Peer review as a strategy for improving students’ writing process. Active Learning in Higher Education, 17(3), 179-192. Cai, L. J. (2017). Students’ perceptions of academic writing: A needs analysis of EAP in China1. Asian-Focused ELT Research and Practice: Voices from the Far Edge, 127. Clevenger, C. M., Brothers, H., Abdallah, M., Wolf, K. (2017). Initial assessment of a newly launched interdisciplinary construction engineering management graduate program. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, 143(3), 04017001. Hill, D. (2016). Engineering profession survey shows world is depending on engineers to solve key problems. Tuchscherer, R. G., Gray, R., Gray, C. A. (2017, June). Reshaping engineering classroom norms to expand the profession. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2017). Zha, T., Li, Z. (2016). 1. Course Description 1.1. Overview. The goal of this course is to develop (1) analytical skills to understand modern macroeconomics and (2) writing skills to compose a solid research paper. The topics cover asset pricing, the banking sector, fiscal policy, monetary policy, and bond markets (term structures). The course reviews recent financial and. Topics in Macroeconomics.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

They, their, them, eggs and freckles!

They, their, them, eggs and freckles! They, their, them, eggs and freckles! They, their, them, eggs and freckles! By Maeve Maddox Sharons post The Scandinavian Connection lists fifteen words, all nouns, that have come into English from Swedish and Norwegian. The earliest word in her list, flounder, came into English in 1592. The most recent, quisling, was coined as recently as 1940. As interesting as these words are, theyre only the tip of the iceberg. Our debt to the language of the Northmen goes back to the days when King Alfred and his successors persuaded the Vikings to stop bashing heads and settle down in the north of England. Because Old English and Old Norse were kindred languages, the co-existence of the races had some interesting linguistic results. Borrowed words are usually nouns, verbs, and adjectives, but Scandinavian borrowings in English extend to pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and adverbs. We even owe the plural form are to the influence of the Vikings. Here are just a few of the words we borrowed from the Northmen way back in time: nouns birth, booth, egg, fellow, freckle, leg, skin, skirt, window adjectives awkward, flat, ill, loose, low, meek, odd, rotten, sly, tight, weak verbs call, crawl, die, droop, gasp, get, give, lift, raise, scowl, take prepositions till, fro (as in to and fro) conjunction though adverbs aloft, athwart, seemly (so theyre a little old-fashioned) pronouns they, their, them both, same (these can also be used as adjectives) Some of my favorite factoids about Norse words in English: OE had a word scyrte (sc in OE is pronounced /sh/) meaning a tunic one wore with a belt ON had the word skyrta for the same garment. Both words survived into modern English as shirt (garment above the belt) and skirt (garment below the belt). The word greyhound does not refer to the dogs color. The Old Norse word for a female dog was grey. The ON and OE words for dog or hound were very similar: ON hundr; OE hund. Greyhound, therefore, is literally bitchhound or dogdog. Some of the Scandinavian words drove out the English ones, such as sky for wolcen and anger for grama (although some writers still use OE ire), but in some cases both the English and Norse words survive as pairs with similar meanings: no/nay (The nays have it.) whole/hale (Hes feeling hale and hearty.) rear/raise (We raise pigs, but rear children.) craft/skill (It takes skill to practice a craft.) hide/skin (Generally speaking, people have skin; animals have hides.) sick/ill (In England if youre sick, someone has to clean it up. Otherwise youre ill.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a SentenceGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesDozen: Singular or Plural?

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Personal Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Analysis Paper - Essay Example Until now, we still talk to each other during and after class about school, friends, family, and our plans for college. Analyzing how we converse with each other, I guess it would be one that is characterized by a free flowing and unconstrained type of communication. We talk about anything and everything under the sun, from serious matters to the most absurd ones. However, this does not mean that we always have the same thoughts on everything. Both of us both love to talk about subjects in school, which areas of our lessons we hardly understand and also which parts we show weakness in, the upcoming parties and activities we are going to attend to, and most especially our plans for college that includes the course we are planning to take, the dream school we wish to get in to and etc. However, what differentiates both of us in what we communicate would be that I would not hesitate to talk about sensitive issues such as family and financial problems I am going through. On the other hand, my best friend would prefer to take serious issues she is facing on her own to analyze and contemplate on. Two of the barriers of communication we both have in our relationship would be the fact that I am the talker while she is a good listener and at the same time the frame of reference we have in our conversations. Though I would usually ask questions about her to dig deeper into her life, she would usually answer me with one-liner statements and proceed with the conversation by asking me more about my day or a certain topic we are talking about. Also, I would say that because I share almost everything about my life to her, she would have more frame of reference in giving me advice. In my part, I only have a few frame of reference when it comes to helping her with the more serious issues about her life because she is not the sharing type of person. With these said, the

Friday, October 18, 2019

Negotiations Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Negotiations - Coursework Example This requires an in-depth research on the various cars available that will suit my preference. After some critical research online I have narrowed down the possibilities and there is particularly one that has interested me the most. It is a Subaru and after some extensive research on Subarus in relation to performance and the general lifespan, it is seemingly the best option for me at the moment. Additionally, the dealer selling the car allows for a trade in and also payment in instalments with a significant down payment depending on the car. Therefore, there seems to be several available options for me from the dealer hence prompting the need to go and check it out and have a further discussion with the dealer regarding the Subaru. After a relatively long talk with the dealer on the available deals regarding the Subaru and also other available cars in the yard, I have decided to buy the new Subaru I had earlier on spotted during my search. In the course of our talk, the dealer presented the current offers available ranging from cash to a trade in to paying in instalments after a down payment. Based on my current financial position the only offers suitable are either a trade in or paying in instalments. In both options I have to part with the Jetta, which is a decision I had already made. If I settle for a trade in the dealer has agreed to give me $8800 for the Jetta and paying in instalments requires me to first pay a down payment of $9400. With the down payment, I will get a loan with some manageable though steep monthly payments. However, with this option I have to settle for a buyer of the Jetta from among those who had been contacting me in order to give the down payment failure to which I will be forced t o take the loan at prime with an increment of 5% interest. From among the earlier calls there is particularly one seemingly good prospect with whom I have agreed to meet for a discussion on the Jetta sale at 1300 hrs. On meeting with the

Individual Business report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Individual Business report - Essay Example Section Three: Conclusions &  Recommendations  Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 3.1 Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 3.2 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 4. Section Four: Bibliography  Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 1. Section One: Introductory Context Introduction 1.1. Terms of Reference The aim of this research paper is to determine what motivational theories can be applied to the employee base of Costlie Cosmetics Ltd in order to successfully improve their internal motivation leve ls. The problem at Costlie Cosmetics Ltd originated when some employees were laid off and the rest had to accommodate the extra work load while maintaining the same efficiency levels and without receiving additional compensation for that work load. The Chief Executive operated a centralized, autocratic organization where employee interaction was discouraged and they were afraid to even speak up about their grievances. Without additional compensation, resentment began to grow in the employees and their motivation levels fell. This adversely affected their service and product quality. As has been documented by previous research this had an overall dampening effect on the company and its performance and image in the market due to which it lost some business from some customers and attracted negative reaction and dissatisfaction from other customers. This paper thus looks at how the Human Resource function needs to be managed within an organization and how critical it is to the organiza tion’s final performance. It also looks at several theories of motivation and uses them to explain how the situation at Costlie Cosmetics Ltd can be rectified. This also encompasses a discussion of the current organizational structure and how it was posing a hindrance to the development of the employees and the organization as a whole. Further, it looks at how an organization should be structured to function more efficiently and eliminate many of the problems that Costlie Cosmetics Ltd was facing. Building upon previous secondary research on the topic, this paper looks at the possible ways that motivation levels among the employees of Costlie Cosmetics Ltd can be boosted so the company can get back on track. 1.2. Objectives The objectives of this research paper are to outline a plan of action that can be adopted to improve employee motivation at Costlie Cosmetics Ltd so that the performance of the company can be improved to match past splendor. 1.3. Research Method This paper uses secondary research previously published about motivational theories, organizational structure and Human Resource Management (HRM) to come up with a strategy to be implemented by Costlie Cosmetics Ltd in order to rectify its perilous condition. 1.4. Context The context for this research paper is provided by the pre-existing conditions of the business environment that Costlie Cosmetics Ltd was functioning in. A new competitor had deflated their market share dangerously and as a result they had lain off a lot of employees to

Immigration Policy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Immigration Policy - Coursework Example The essence and necessity of reforming the immigration sector in the US cannot be overemphasized. Most of the immigrants in the US fall short of the technical competence and skills required to ensure growth (Flannery, 2014). The immigration reforms should focus on providing visas to individuals who have the skills in engineering, science and other technical areas as a consequence of ensuring productivity. Most sectors of the American economy depend on the people who have technological and innovative skills capable of redefining growth in key sectors of the economy (Kramer, 2014). Unfortunately, most of the immigrants in the US are less productive and more established in the informal sectors other than the mainstream economical zones. Growth is directly correlated to the technical ability and skills of individuals in various sectors. Statistics have shown that scientists, engineers and programmers are responsible for growth that have been experienced in the US over the past few years (Kramer, 2014). It is, therefore, important to reform the immigration to ensure that skilled individuals are given a priority in terms of visa presentation. Flannery, N.P. (2014, March 24). Can corporate leaders push through immigration reform in 2014? Forbes. Retrieved from . Kramer, H. (2014, February 11). How immigration reform or lack thereof is hurting our economic competitiveness. Forbes. Retrieved

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control Research Paper

Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control - Research Paper Example Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control The emerging role of supply chain as integral part of inventory control has become hugely relevant issue for businesses. Indeed, successful SCM not only improves productivity but also provides the business with long term sustainability in the highly competitive business environment. The fast transforming business dynamics, including rapid globalization, technology and diversity in product variety and short life span have all contributed towards tough market conditions (Lee, 2002). Thus, challenges of effective SCM, especially as a key method of inventory control, have become major issues to improve and improvise inventory management in order to optimize performance outcome and maintain competitive edge. Supply chain and its impact on inventory control Supply chain and inventory management are intrinsically linked to the wider goals and objectives of the business. Supply chain or the logistics can broadly be defined as ‘set of approaches utilized to efficiently integrate supplie rs, manufacturers, warehouses, and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize system-wide costs while satisfying service level requirements’ (Simchi-Levi, Kaminsky, & Simchi-Levi, 2003, p. 1). The various imperatives of SCM are mainly designed to meet the changing needs and requirements of the customers. The SCM therefore is network of activities that encompasses supply and delivery of raw materials for manufacturing goods and delivery of the finished product to the end customers. Inventory, on the other hand is collection of raw materials and finished goods which need to be used in future. The inventory control system helps to streamline the supply and demand of the products by making available the raw material and finished good at any set time for the manufacturers and the retailers. The inventory or stock maintained at different stages of production and distribution is important element of inventory control system that helps to assess the quantity and time when products need to be replenished with fresh stock or new stock as per the demand. The cost effective analysis of stock helps to anticipate demand and supply of products, both of raw material and final products. For example, fast moving products and products with short life are stored in forward warehouse and slow moving products, risky or costly products are placed at central warehousing as shipped or moved to the destination when required. Thus, delivery of product is fast through the warehouses where the inventory is strategically placed or stored. Inventory is used as key constituent in SCM to coordinate various processes in order to meet the challenges of time with high efficiency and timeliness. Consequently, various factors like time, availability of raw material, coordination with various linkages like suppliers, distributors, warehouse, retail outlets etc. become hugely critical iss ues that need to be incorporated for higher performance. Porter (1985) strongly asserts that efficient SCM is vital ingredient of value chain that facilitates business activities to gain competitive edge. In the current dynamics of contemporary global business, goods are highly sensitive to pricing and changes. Effective SCM enhances operational efficiency within and outside the firm to meet the challenges of the fast changing requirements of the customers. Moreover, increasing efficiency and cost

Personal Consulting Capacity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Personal Consulting Capacity - Essay Example The researcher states that planning for future is very important as it defines our mindset. By setting goals we plan for our future. Goals can be defined as: basically tools that give scope to an activity and direct achievement-related behaviors. Goals can be prioritized to short-term and long-term goals. Short-term goals heighten the chances of success as they may be challenging but are quite close to the current capacity level of a person. However, it is the long-term goals that are required to achieve permanent success in future endeavors. The researcher splits his future objectives into two categories i.e. Short-term and Long-term goals. Short-term goals include the skills he would acquire by the end of this year while long-term goals are elaborate planning of the next five years of his professional life. Short term goals: to accomplish the researcher’s degree with good grade points and to enhance skill based expertise relevant to his field before gaining entry into a repu ted public sector organization. His key focus would be on the consulting capabilities so as to give a wider scope to his objectives. Long term goals: in a span of five years the researcher plans to elevate himself to the managerial level. He also wants to gain comprehensive growth by lending his consultancy skills to the company in order to solve the core problems. In future the author of this paper would also like to pursue his career as a Human Resource Consultant.... Short-term goals include the skills I would acquire by the end of this year while long-term goals are elaborate planning of the next five years of my professional life. SHORT TERM GOALS To accomplish my degree with good grade points and to enhance skill based expertise relevant to my field before gaining entry into a reputed public sector organization. My key focus would be on my consulting capabilities so as to give a wider scope to my objectives. LONG TERM GOALS In a span of five years I plan to elevate myself to the managerial level. I also want to gain comprehensive growth by lending my consultancy skills to the company in order to solve the core problems. In future I would also like to pursue my career as a Human Resource Consultant. ACHIEVING GOALS A step wise planning is required to achieve my goals. I need to determine the factors and the barriers which are going to influence my action plan. As I plan to enter a public sector organization therefore, my core focus would be on gaining skills that are relevant to the field. SECTOR IN FOCUS: PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS After the accomplishment of my professional degree I am keen to join a public sector organization as it offers a wide range of careers as well as provided the opportunity to make decisions with the potential to have immediate impact on the wellbeing of citizens. Moreover, public sector organizations are considered to be stable and secure as compared to private sector. Another positive aspect is regular coaching and mentoring and comprehensive trainings being offered time to time. Public sector organizations have clear policies and procedures that must be adhered to by all levels. FUNCTIONAL AREA IN FOCUS: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEment Human resource management being the area of my

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control Research Paper

Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control - Research Paper Example Use of Supply Chain Management as a Method of Inventory Control The emerging role of supply chain as integral part of inventory control has become hugely relevant issue for businesses. Indeed, successful SCM not only improves productivity but also provides the business with long term sustainability in the highly competitive business environment. The fast transforming business dynamics, including rapid globalization, technology and diversity in product variety and short life span have all contributed towards tough market conditions (Lee, 2002). Thus, challenges of effective SCM, especially as a key method of inventory control, have become major issues to improve and improvise inventory management in order to optimize performance outcome and maintain competitive edge. Supply chain and its impact on inventory control Supply chain and inventory management are intrinsically linked to the wider goals and objectives of the business. Supply chain or the logistics can broadly be defined as ‘set of approaches utilized to efficiently integrate supplie rs, manufacturers, warehouses, and stores, so that merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize system-wide costs while satisfying service level requirements’ (Simchi-Levi, Kaminsky, & Simchi-Levi, 2003, p. 1). The various imperatives of SCM are mainly designed to meet the changing needs and requirements of the customers. The SCM therefore is network of activities that encompasses supply and delivery of raw materials for manufacturing goods and delivery of the finished product to the end customers. Inventory, on the other hand is collection of raw materials and finished goods which need to be used in future. The inventory control system helps to streamline the supply and demand of the products by making available the raw material and finished good at any set time for the manufacturers and the retailers. The inventory or stock maintained at different stages of production and distribution is important element of inventory control system that helps to assess the quantity and time when products need to be replenished with fresh stock or new stock as per the demand. The cost effective analysis of stock helps to anticipate demand and supply of products, both of raw material and final products. For example, fast moving products and products with short life are stored in forward warehouse and slow moving products, risky or costly products are placed at central warehousing as shipped or moved to the destination when required. Thus, delivery of product is fast through the warehouses where the inventory is strategically placed or stored. Inventory is used as key constituent in SCM to coordinate various processes in order to meet the challenges of time with high efficiency and timeliness. Consequently, various factors like time, availability of raw material, coordination with various linkages like suppliers, distributors, warehouse, retail outlets etc. become hugely critical iss ues that need to be incorporated for higher performance. Porter (1985) strongly asserts that efficient SCM is vital ingredient of value chain that facilitates business activities to gain competitive edge. In the current dynamics of contemporary global business, goods are highly sensitive to pricing and changes. Effective SCM enhances operational efficiency within and outside the firm to meet the challenges of the fast changing requirements of the customers. Moreover, increasing efficiency and cost

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Marketing and Nike Essay Example for Free

Marketing and Nike Essay Q. N. 1: What have been the key success factors for Nike? Ans. The key success factors for Nike are their exciting marketing strategy, product innovation and staying to the mission which is â€Å"To bring, inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world.† These are as follows: * Nike established a strong brand name through designing innovative footwear for serious athletes. * Nike’s management has found most significant celebrity support: the right collaboration between celebrity and product. * Nike stayed focused on being an authentic sports and fitness company serving the athlete and sports minded people. * Nike’s campaign even featured an 80 year old long distance runner with the slogan â€Å"Just Do It† that placed the emphasis on self-empowerment through sports and fitness for all ages. * Making corrections and change of the American style ads in Europe also a key factor for success. Q. N. 2: Where is the Nike vulnerable? What should they watch out for? Ans. Vulnerable points of Nike as well as its solution are as below: * There is one fact, when using celebrity endorsements Nike advertisers need to keep in mind that is to never let the celebrity become your brand. If so, the company will run the risk of killing the brand as soon as celebrity becomes faded. * Selecting a spokesperson whose characteristics are congruent with the brand image. * Nike deals with only one product line that it footwear. In this circumstance, it should watch out for diversification of the products to increase the maker share. Q. N. 3: What recommendations would you make to their senior marketing executives going forward? Ans. For going forward senior marketing executives of Nike can follow the recommendations as below: * Find the right collaboration between celebrity and product. * Promote prospective display that is going global and evaluate current position rate. * Watch out for diversification of product line. * Collecting feedback from customers about the products quality * Customize the advertisement for the customer of different culture in different region. Q. N. 4: What should they be sure to do with their marketing? Ans. They be sure to manage their marketing system in a proper way that it is satisfying the customer needs and wants keeping pace with the time. They can give importance to the following topics: * Be sure that your product performance quality is ok as you advertise. * Ensure innovation on designing the product. * Collect ideas from customers to improve the product * Make aware the customer about the continuous improvement * Establish Customer Relationship Management.

Monday, October 14, 2019

The oldest forms of energy

The oldest forms of energy 1 Introduction: Solar Energy Solar energy is one of the oldest forms of energy on the planet. Rays emitted from the sun are responsible for sustaining all life forms on the planet. Solar energy uses the sun as a source of heat by concentrating the heat via various methods and using those methods to channel through a heat engine and produce power. Because of this, solar thermal power generation is very much like traditional forms of power generation due to the combustion of fossil fuels, which also need the heat engines as a catalyst for the conversion into energy. It is always renewable and will never be exhausted as long as the planet and sun are present. However, the initial cost of startup for the heat engines is expensive, but over time the savings actually outweigh the initial startup fees, making this a significant choice in promoting a cleaner option for energy usage (SOLAR ENERGY n.d.). This is not a new technique. Although it is documented that the first patent for a solar collection device was given to Germany in 1907, the first real effort to actually use the sun as a heat source did not begin until the infamous oil crises of the 1970s. Even after the first plants were constructed in California during the 1980s, the funding for solar energy development dried up due to the fact cheaper methods could be found, although some of them might not be as environmentally friendly (Poullikkas 2009). Because of the global warming crisis issue during the past several years combined with insanely erratic oil and gas prices, this method of energy is now being revisited as a potential means to help meet the needs of the current energy crisis. There have recently been several proposed projects and there is a strong possibility that solar energy can finally become mainstream as a renewable energy resource, along with wind, water, and solar photovoltaic technologies (Poullikkas 2009). 2: Review of Article Andreas Poullikkas (2009) investigated the economic feasibility of the installation of a parabolic trough solar thermal system for energy generation throughout the Mediterranean region. In his article, Economic analysis of power generation from parabolic trough solar thermal plants for the Mediterranean region- A case study for the island of Cyprus, all variables concerning the potential for Cyprus, as well as all of the available data pertinent to renewable energy sources dealing with the policy of the Cyprus government were taken into account. A method of cost-analysis was used to show the differences between energy output with and without the solar plants and also to show the differences in carbon dioxide level output and fossil fuel emissions. The area of Cyprus was chosen as a research site due to the fact there are no hydrocarbon energy sources and it is almost one hundred percent dependent on imported fossil fuels. The solar energy in the area is used mostly for the heating of water. Current estimates show about 90% of the homes, 80% of the apartments, and 50% of the hotels have solar-water heating systems, thus causing Cyprus to actually be the first country in the world with the most installed solar collectors per person (Cyprus Institute of Energy 2009). In order to fully understand the rationale behind the study, we must understand the different types of solar energy available. There are two major markets for solar energy, the photovoltaic and the solar thermal. The solar thermal market actually uses the heat emitted from the sun to heat water or generate power. The photovoltaic market consists of solar cells which use the properties of different materials to change sunlight into electricity (Poullikkas 2009). The three forms of solar radiation systems currently available are parabolic trough systems, solar tower systems, and solar dish systems. For the purpose of this article, we will concentrate on the parabolic trough systems and the cost effectiveness of using the systems in the Cyprus area. When many of these parabolic troughs are lined together, it forms a power plant, which then is responsible for holding the heating fluid inside the pipes, moving it along the range of pipes into a generator to produce the electricity, which is the end product. The process continues in a cycle as long as there is solar power from which to collect the heating fluid to store inside the trough pipes. The significant drawback for this type of energy production is that the troughs are large in physical size and expensive, thus having an impact on the overall initial economics of the plant (Garcia-Rodrigueza and Blanco-Galvezb 2007). The most important consideration for a solar thermal power plant is the land mass required to hold all of the equipment for sufficient energy production. There is little evidence due to under usage of this solar technology to make an educated guess at the land space required for such a plant to be constructed (Poullikkas 2009). The requirements for the amount of land needed, as researchers currently estimate, depends on the amount of sunlight potential as well as the amount of integrated thermal storage. Current numbers figure a space of approximately 25m/kW if there is no thermal storage integration (Poullikkas 2009). Researchers also believe the electricity produced from a parabolic solar thermal power plan is dependent on the amount of sunlight as well as the number of hours the plant is in operation and the degree of thermal storage. The research conducted in this article shows a direct proportion in the increase of solar energy collection with an increase of the size and number of plant troughs. Therefore, the bigger the plant, the more electricity it will produce. After research was completed and figures were calculated via a parametric cost-benefit analysis, it was decided that, overall, the installation of a solar thermal system for the Mediterranean region would be profitable and economically feasible, but only under certain circumstances. Depending on the physical size of the plant, how much storage capacity is available, the initial startup cost, and the costs involved with purchasing land would all have to be factored in with each separate situation. Thus, there is no standard answer fo r the world (Poullikkas 2009). 3: What the Future Holds The best model of solar plant would include building based on the parabolic troughs, but beside a combined cycle power plant, which would be called an integrated solar combined cycle plant. This type of configuration would burn natural gas to produce electricity. The heat from the turbine exhaust would be fed into a heat boiler and would generate steam to drive the steam generator portion of the plant. Heat from solar energy being collected would be used to help supplement the heat from the turbine exhaust and would increase the output from the steam turbine section. There actually are plants being built in Morocco, Algeria and Egypt which rely on this integrated electrical technology to produce greater masses of electricity, yet decrease the emissions of fossil fuels and carbon dioxide output (Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities for renewable distributed generation technologies in the Mediterranean region 2009). There are actually a minimal number of solar thermal power plans both under construction and already in operation around the world (Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region 2009). The Solar Electric Generating System, which contains nine solar power plants, is located in the Mohave Desert in California. The energy from solar power is utilized at night from the burning of natural gas, but about ninety percent of electricity from this plant is directly produced from the sun. Nevada Solar One is located in El Dorado Valley, Nevada, and is based on the parabolic trough technology discussed earlier in this article. There is a gas heater for back -up production in the case of solar energy not being sufficient to meet the demand. PS10 is based on solar tower technology and is located in Sanlucar de Mayor, Spain. It is the first solar tower plant to begin commercialization of electrical generation in the world (Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region 2009). Andasol 1 and Andasol 2 are solar thermal plants which are identical in physical appearance and operation. They are scheduled to begin operations soon and will be Europes first solar thermal parabolic trough power plants. Solnova 1 is also under construction and is located in Sanlucar de Mayor, Spain. It, too, is based upon the parabolic trough technology. There are other solar energy projects underway. In the field of photovoltaic research and development, new materials will be made and altered to further enhance the emission rays of the sunlight in order to get the most energy from solar light possible. It is speculated that a 10 x 15 mile area of desert land could actually provide citizens with over 20,000 megawatts of power. For this United States, this is a positive idea. It could potentially mean providing an area of 100 miles on each side of this desert with photovoltaic solar power. This would drastically cut emissions and harm to the environment (Solar History Timeline: The Future 2006). 4: Discussion Solar energy and other renewable resources are needed at this very moment in order to cut greenhouse emissions and help with the general health of the environment and its people. However, based on the above article, it seems there is much more research and investigation to do. The research done thus far has been positive for the most part, but cost analysis is a significant factor in the decision making process. Many smaller countries are not going to be able to afford the extra capital in order to help their corner of the Earth, even if they have all of the right conditions. It will be up to the world leaders of more developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and others, to help contribute to this globalisation process. Poullikkas article does indeed give the public a good representation of the various types of solar power systems available to us and how each would be effective under our own unique set of conditions. What the article seems to fall short on, though, is a definite answer. Apparently, at this point in time, there is not one. There are only ongoing research studies and various solar power models in different parts of the world demonstrating how the generation of electricity actually would benefit society in a cleaner and more productive way. Perhaps in the next decade research will have come much farther and there will be many other ways renewable resources could be used to meet the energy demands of our growing world. References Concentrating solar power for the Mediterranean region. 2009. http://www.desertec.org (accessed December 31, 2009). Cyprus Institute of Energy. 2009. http://www.cie.org.cy (accessed December 31, 2009). Garcia-Rodrigueza, L, and J Blanco-Galvezb. Solar-heated Rankine cycles for water and electricity production: POWERSOL project. Desalination, 2007: 311-319. Poullikkas, Andreas. Economic analysis of power generation from parabolic trough solar thermal plants for the Mediterranean Region- A case study for the island of Cyprus. Renewable and Sustanainable Energy Reviews, 2009: 2474-2484. Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities for renewable distributed generation technologies in the Mediterranean region. 2009. http://www.distres.eu (accessed December 31, 2009). SOLAR ENERGY. http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/solar/solar.htm (accessed December 31, 2009). Solar History Timeline: The Future. January 5, 2006. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/solar_time_future.html (accessed December 31, 2009).

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Our Reliance on Computers :: essays research papers fc

â€Å"The society in which we live in has been so profoundly affected by computers that historians refer to the present time as the information age.† (Presley, 16) Comments like this show how computers have changed how we live, work, and play. For example, combined with the Internet, computers have incorporated many forms of communications into a universal one. The computer’s role in the world continues to grow in importance even as we sometimes take it for granted. We must realize how greatly computers have affected our lives. Computers have become such an integral part of our lives because we rely on them for numerical calculations, storage of data, communication, and technological processes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea of computing began at the start of civilization. The computer’s long history makes it, â€Å"†¦ one of the most interesting and important machines ever invented† (Anonymous). Computers are simply complex counting devices. The abacus was an ancient computer which used beads to solve math problems. The abacus was strictly manual and the desire for an automated machine grew. One of the earliest automated machines was invented in the nineteenth century when French weaver, Joseph Jacquard, created a loom that could be programmed. Large hole punched cards were used by the loom to create geometric patterns. Aside from producing beautiful patterns, the punched cards were later modified to become the main form of computer input. The system of punch cards led to the first successful semi-automated computer, a punch-card tabulating machine invented during the 1880s by American Herman Hollerith. It was used to tabulate the results of the U.S. censu s. Each punch card contained the data of each individual. Operators fed the countless cards into the computer. When the spring-mounted nails of the computer passed through the holes of the punch-card, an electric circuit was completed. As seen in diagram C, the results of each card were displayed on rows of dials. Hollerith’s company, the Tabulating Machine Company, was eventually sold and was renamed the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) in 1911, which still exists today. The first electronic computers were very large and elaborate machines that required a lot of money to build and use. The entire computer industry might never have taken off without government funding. World War II created a need for the U.S. military to calculate missile trajectories quickly, so Dr. John Machly was hired by the military to build a machine for this task.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Iowa- An American Portrait :: essays research papers

â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait† was narrated by Tom Brokaw. It described the land, people, education, work, religion, and family life of Iowa. One of the main topics of the film was the general view of Iowa- the Farm State. Iowa has more than two- hundred- thousand farms; ninety- eight percent of Iowa’s total land is used for production; with ninety percent of total land being used for the production of food. Reverence for the great land and rich soil of Iowa began with the Native Americans. Many years later, European immigrants settled the land of Iowa. They first settled near the Mississippi River and spread through out Iowa in the short time span of forty years. They soon began farming the land and found that one family could make a good living on eighty acres. Work was a necessity to Iowans. It gave meaning and pride to life, and farming was a business that could be passed on from generation to generation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corn soon became the crop of choice to Iowa farmers. They found that it was more resistant to disease than the other crops they were growing, such as barley, oats, wheat, and apples. With this newfound â€Å"wonder crop†, Iowans found that farming had become the ideal way of life. Working on the farm involved all of the members of the family, which brought them together and made them stronger through hardships and great opportunities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Draft horses used for plowing later became a luxury and farming soon lost its fun and joyful qualities. It was a time of greater hardship than ever before, but the freedom Iowa farmers had to work, worship, live, and play in their own way made it worth the despairing times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Towns of all sizes began growing throughout Iowa. With them came churches, schools, businesses, and co-ops. The various institutions and businesses of the towns were flourishing. The children of Iowa were attending school regularly and doing well. The literacy rate of Iowa soon became the highest in the nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Farms weren’t the only means of earning a living in Iowa. Saw and lumber mills were abundant along the upper Mississippi River, but the lumber supply being harvested was exhausted quickly, putting the mills out of business. Iowa- An American Portrait :: essays research papers â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film â€Å"Iowa- An American Portrait† was narrated by Tom Brokaw. It described the land, people, education, work, religion, and family life of Iowa. One of the main topics of the film was the general view of Iowa- the Farm State. Iowa has more than two- hundred- thousand farms; ninety- eight percent of Iowa’s total land is used for production; with ninety percent of total land being used for the production of food. Reverence for the great land and rich soil of Iowa began with the Native Americans. Many years later, European immigrants settled the land of Iowa. They first settled near the Mississippi River and spread through out Iowa in the short time span of forty years. They soon began farming the land and found that one family could make a good living on eighty acres. Work was a necessity to Iowans. It gave meaning and pride to life, and farming was a business that could be passed on from generation to generation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corn soon became the crop of choice to Iowa farmers. They found that it was more resistant to disease than the other crops they were growing, such as barley, oats, wheat, and apples. With this newfound â€Å"wonder crop†, Iowans found that farming had become the ideal way of life. Working on the farm involved all of the members of the family, which brought them together and made them stronger through hardships and great opportunities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Draft horses used for plowing later became a luxury and farming soon lost its fun and joyful qualities. It was a time of greater hardship than ever before, but the freedom Iowa farmers had to work, worship, live, and play in their own way made it worth the despairing times.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Towns of all sizes began growing throughout Iowa. With them came churches, schools, businesses, and co-ops. The various institutions and businesses of the towns were flourishing. The children of Iowa were attending school regularly and doing well. The literacy rate of Iowa soon became the highest in the nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Farms weren’t the only means of earning a living in Iowa. Saw and lumber mills were abundant along the upper Mississippi River, but the lumber supply being harvested was exhausted quickly, putting the mills out of business.

Friday, October 11, 2019

Communicative Approach

MY BEST APROCHE IN ENGLISH LANGUAJE TEACHING : THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROCHE I. Problems in the present English teaching and causes of these problems II. Introduce the communicative approach 1. The definition of communicative approach 2. Two principles of communicative approach †¢ Create a realistic situation †¢ The class should be students-centered III. Adopt communicative approach to improve students ability to listen and speak, and achieve the goal of English teaching 1. Three stages in communicative teaching 2. Communicative activities in class . Achieve the goal of English teaching through communicative approach IV. Conclusion ____________________________________________________________ _________ Abstract Language is a means of communication. Although it is not the only form of communication among human beings, it is certainly the most important. English teaching is to teach the students how to communicate with each other, to train the students good and complete language ability, to express their ideas correctly and to easily adjust themselves to every kind of social situation. English teaching is a case in point. This paper is to discuss some problems of present English teaching approach, to state the principles and advantages of communicative approach, and to give some advice on how to make the English class more communicative and improve the student’s ability of listening and speaking. I. Problems in the present English teaching and causes of these problems As present, English teaching reform has been carried out in schools, some teaching reform has been succeeded, but there are still some problems in English teaching. The students who have had several years of training in English with classical approaches are still unable to actually use the language. For example, the students can’t understand what the teachers have said and they can’t express themselves, their ability of listening and speaking is not up to standard, and also they can’t communicate with others in English. Now the teachers have been faced with the problem of improving the student’s ability of listening and speaking. II. Introduce the communicative approach 1. The definition of communicative approach Communicative approach refers to the theory of teaching according to the principle that the students and teachers should genuinely communicate with each other using the target language. 2. Two principles of communicative approach Among the numerous principles of communicative approach, there are two pieces of principles, which are more important English teaching. 2. 1 Create more realistic situation The current teaching methods don’t emphasize the real world situations and fail to cultivate student’s spontaneity. Artificial conventions and mechanical question-and-answer sequences fall short of the flexible, spontaneous kind of communicative interaction required for performing a task with the context of situation relevant to the real world. Such classroom teaching forces learners to talk about things that are not of their own choosing and not based on their actual needs. Taught in this way, the learners frequently fail when they are faced with the read to produce the language related to a specific situation. Simulation techniques seem to be a better alternative, as they seek to place learners in a situation where they are asked to take on different roles and to. Accomplish their specific tasks, including problem solving. They offer an opportunity for the learners to practice using the language in the right place at the right time and as appropriately as possible. The most obvious advantage of these kind of techniques is that it puts the learners in realistic situations. By simulating the physical circumstances of certain situations, the students can have the opportunity to use and to practice the sort of language, particularly the vocabulary related to that situation, so that learners are rehearsed for real life. In addition, they can express what they want to say whenever the situation calls for it. The teacher provides the best conditions for learning through creating the realist situation. 2. 2 The class should be students-centered The focus of classroom should be shifted from the teacher to students. The teacher does most the talking and always has the whole class under his strict control by lecturing, questioning, correcting students and often supplying correct answers to the exercises. In such a class, the teacher is obviously the most authoritative person. Students always act according to what the teacher wants them to accomplish put not what they themselves want to accomplish. So it appears that sometimes, even if the students have understood the text they are reading, they do not have the courage to speak out when called upon, for fear that they may not be right. The class should be learners-centered. Communicative approach makes learners to be themselves and requires the classroom instructor to play a secondary role, trying to keep focus on the students not on himself and encouraging students to communicate among themselves. The role and relationship between the teacher and students are fixed by the students-centered principle. It is to say that the students are the main part in communication, while the teacher helps the students to communicate. III. Adopt communicative approach to improve students ability to listen and peaking 1. Three stages of communicative teaching The teacher can divide the student’s learning into three stages: 1. – The first stage, the teacher is a sort of information: he selects material to be learnt and presents it so that the students can understand it and remember it as clearly as possible. The students may do little talking but they should by no means be passive. 2. – The second stage is the p ractice stage. Let the students do the talking organized from cue by the teacher: this practice should be meaningful and memorable. 3. The third stage makes the students to be allowed, under the guidance of the teacher, to use the language freely, even if they make some mistakes as a result. This requires a more flexible attitude from the teachers to mistakes, if the student is constantly stopped and corrected, then eventually he will become discouraged and cease to be motivated to speak. If the students can use the language for themselves, then they become aware that they have learnt something useful and are encouraged to go on learning: perhaps the most important factor is to keep up motivation in the learning process itself. We always talk about listening and speaking together. We must be aware of the fact that oral communication is a two-way process between speakers and listeners. In our class, both the teacher and students are speakers and listeners 2. The class communicative activities Communicative activity provides opportunities for positive personal relationships to develop among learners and teachers. Because of the limitation of the classroom, this requires the teacher to create more various social situations and relationships in the class. 1. Simulation: Learners are asked to imagine themselves in a situation which would occur outside the classroom, and they are asked to behave as if the situation really excited. 2. -Role-playing: is one method of getting the students to imagine they are someone else and play that part. 3. -Discussion: They must present their views in a more public context, there are sticker rules governing who speaks, when and to whom, and a higher level of formality is expecte d. The student’s ability of listening and speaking can be improved in discussions. 4. Interaction: There will also be increasing scope which gives learners greater responsibility for creating the interaction themselves. 5. -Pictures: Extremely useful visual aid. Pictures of people and places are much more interesting than ordinary objects. This is another chance for group work and genuine discussion. Other teaching aids are important techniques for creating a wider variety of social situations and relationships. Communicative activities are very important in language learning. It may be useful to consider briefly what the teacher might hope to achieve through the communicative activity in the classroom. Since this will determine his own attitude toward it and what he gives it in his overall methodology. The learners ultimate objective is to take part in communication with others. Their motivation to learn is more likely to be sustained if they can see how their classroom learning is related to this objective and helps them to achieve it with increasing success. . IV. Conclusion The traditional methods of teaching do not allow the learners to express their own ideas, activities and personality, which is though t to be important especially for students. For example, mechanical drills do not allow the students to express their own ideas, therefore, they will not be interested in listening, and their listening efficiency will be impaired. Under the present situation, communicative approach is a better way to improve our English teaching. For the teachers, the new method means more varieties to devise the lessons; for the students as well, the new method more opportunities to practice their listening and speaking, and to have the freedom to express themselves. Thus, the communicative approach makes the teaching more fulfilling. Just as some linguists have said: English language teaching should be made of communication by communication and for communication. English language teaching is an interdisciplinary subject for which human communication is an important source. The communicative approach is no doubt a manifestation of how this theory can be applied in the student’s English learning. It is a good teaching method to improve the student’s ability of listening and speaking. Communicative Approach MY BEST APROCHE IN ENGLISH LANGUAJE TEACHING : THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROCHE I. Problems in the present English teaching and causes of these problems II. Introduce the communicative approach 1. The definition of communicative approach 2. Two principles of communicative approach †¢ Create a realistic situation †¢ The class should be students-centered III. Adopt communicative approach to improve students ability to listen and speak, and achieve the goal of English teaching 1. Three stages in communicative teaching 2. Communicative activities in class . Achieve the goal of English teaching through communicative approach IV. Conclusion ____________________________________________________________ _________ Abstract Language is a means of communication. Although it is not the only form of communication among human beings, it is certainly the most important. English teaching is to teach the students how to communicate with each other, to train the students good and complete language ability, to express their ideas correctly and to easily adjust themselves to every kind of social situation. English teaching is a case in point. This paper is to discuss some problems of present English teaching approach, to state the principles and advantages of communicative approach, and to give some advice on how to make the English class more communicative and improve the student’s ability of listening and speaking. I. Problems in the present English teaching and causes of these problems As present, English teaching reform has been carried out in schools, some teaching reform has been succeeded, but there are still some problems in English teaching. The students who have had several years of training in English with classical approaches are still unable to actually use the language. For example, the students can’t understand what the teachers have said and they can’t express themselves, their ability of listening and speaking is not up to standard, and also they can’t communicate with others in English. Now the teachers have been faced with the problem of improving the student’s ability of listening and speaking. II. Introduce the communicative approach 1. The definition of communicative approach Communicative approach refers to the theory of teaching according to the principle that the students and teachers should genuinely communicate with each other using the target language. 2. Two principles of communicative approach Among the numerous principles of communicative approach, there are two pieces of principles, which are more important English teaching. 2. 1 Create more realistic situation The current teaching methods don’t emphasize the real world situations and fail to cultivate student’s spontaneity. Artificial conventions and mechanical question-and-answer sequences fall short of the flexible, spontaneous kind of communicative interaction required for performing a task with the context of situation relevant to the real world. Such classroom teaching forces learners to talk about things that are not of their own choosing and not based on their actual needs. Taught in this way, the learners frequently fail when they are faced with the read to produce the language related to a specific situation. Simulation techniques seem to be a better alternative, as they seek to place learners in a situation where they are asked to take on different roles and to. Accomplish their specific tasks, including problem solving. They offer an opportunity for the learners to practice using the language in the right place at the right time and as appropriately as possible. The most obvious advantage of these kind of techniques is that it puts the learners in realistic situations. By simulating the physical circumstances of certain situations, the students can have the opportunity to use and to practice the sort of language, particularly the vocabulary related to that situation, so that learners are rehearsed for real life. In addition, they can express what they want to say whenever the situation calls for it. The teacher provides the best conditions for learning through creating the realist situation. 2. 2 The class should be students-centered The focus of classroom should be shifted from the teacher to students. The teacher does most the talking and always has the whole class under his strict control by lecturing, questioning, correcting students and often supplying correct answers to the exercises. In such a class, the teacher is obviously the most authoritative person. Students always act according to what the teacher wants them to accomplish put not what they themselves want to accomplish. So it appears that sometimes, even if the students have understood the text they are reading, they do not have the courage to speak out when called upon, for fear that they may not be right. The class should be learners-centered. Communicative approach makes learners to be themselves and requires the classroom instructor to play a secondary role, trying to keep focus on the students not on himself and encouraging students to communicate among themselves. The role and relationship between the teacher and students are fixed by the students-centered principle. It is to say that the students are the main part in communication, while the teacher helps the students to communicate. III. Adopt communicative approach to improve students ability to listen and peaking 1. Three stages of communicative teaching The teacher can divide the student’s learning into three stages: 1. – The first stage, the teacher is a sort of information: he selects material to be learnt and presents it so that the students can understand it and remember it as clearly as possible. The students may do little talking but they should by no means be passive. 2. – The second stage is the p ractice stage. Let the students do the talking organized from cue by the teacher: this practice should be meaningful and memorable. 3. The third stage makes the students to be allowed, under the guidance of the teacher, to use the language freely, even if they make some mistakes as a result. This requires a more flexible attitude from the teachers to mistakes, if the student is constantly stopped and corrected, then eventually he will become discouraged and cease to be motivated to speak. If the students can use the language for themselves, then they become aware that they have learnt something useful and are encouraged to go on learning: perhaps the most important factor is to keep up motivation in the learning process itself. We always talk about listening and speaking together. We must be aware of the fact that oral communication is a two-way process between speakers and listeners. In our class, both the teacher and students are speakers and listeners 2. The class communicative activities Communicative activity provides opportunities for positive personal relationships to develop among learners and teachers. Because of the limitation of the classroom, this requires the teacher to create more various social situations and relationships in the class. 1. Simulation: Learners are asked to imagine themselves in a situation which would occur outside the classroom, and they are asked to behave as if the situation really excited. 2. -Role-playing: is one method of getting the students to imagine they are someone else and play that part. 3. -Discussion: They must present their views in a more public context, there are sticker rules governing who speaks, when and to whom, and a higher level of formality is expecte d. The student’s ability of listening and speaking can be improved in discussions. 4. Interaction: There will also be increasing scope which gives learners greater responsibility for creating the interaction themselves. 5. -Pictures: Extremely useful visual aid. Pictures of people and places are much more interesting than ordinary objects. This is another chance for group work and genuine discussion. Other teaching aids are important techniques for creating a wider variety of social situations and relationships. Communicative activities are very important in language learning. It may be useful to consider briefly what the teacher might hope to achieve through the communicative activity in the classroom. Since this will determine his own attitude toward it and what he gives it in his overall methodology. The learners ultimate objective is to take part in communication with others. Their motivation to learn is more likely to be sustained if they can see how their classroom learning is related to this objective and helps them to achieve it with increasing success. . IV. Conclusion The traditional methods of teaching do not allow the learners to express their own ideas, activities and personality, which is though t to be important especially for students. For example, mechanical drills do not allow the students to express their own ideas, therefore, they will not be interested in listening, and their listening efficiency will be impaired. Under the present situation, communicative approach is a better way to improve our English teaching. For the teachers, the new method means more varieties to devise the lessons; for the students as well, the new method more opportunities to practice their listening and speaking, and to have the freedom to express themselves. Thus, the communicative approach makes the teaching more fulfilling. Just as some linguists have said: English language teaching should be made of communication by communication and for communication. English language teaching is an interdisciplinary subject for which human communication is an important source. The communicative approach is no doubt a manifestation of how this theory can be applied in the student’s English learning. It is a good teaching method to improve the student’s ability of listening and speaking.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Learning outcomes assessment Essay

In order to capture the full attention of the audience, the speaker should be sensitive enough in communicating with his audience. I have learned the suitable voice and tone that you should use in order to express the content of what you are trying to say. It was also discussed that the speaker should convey the content of his discussion by figuring out what the audience needs to know and providing them what they need to know. The best way to disseminate this information is by using proper communication strategies and techniques. Using the right words at the right time is one of the essential components that you should always keep in mind. Whether you’re speaking in a formal or informal manner, proper usage of words should always be taken into consideration. Knowing your target audience will also keep you on track in terms of writing. The student will understand how to tailor their writing to readers of different cultures, with different background knowledge and expertise. If you’re able to decipher this and apply it to your written material, your target audience will appreciate the outcome. Moreover, I was able to generate ideas and practices that I should use in writing. Contemplating and arranging my thoughts are basically part of it. But in terms of working with others, I should be aware of their ideas and how to collate it to be able to come out with a better product. I also learned the techniques on how to write aiming for clarity, coherence, correctness, and conciseness. Achieving these factors will make my written material more reliable and interesting rather than writing without direction. Editing my own work is also an important thing that I learned and will apply whenever I will write. If I have incorporated peer and instructor feedback on my work, I will be able to determine in which I should improve. Through this, I can find my strength and weaknesses and build my own goal in terms of writing. Writing isn’t a complex process, it just tests your ability to express your ideas and organize it into a readable material.

Wednesday, October 9, 2019

Franz Kafka and being an outsider in the society Essay

As the oldest child, after the deaths of his older brothers, Franz Kafka, however, has never reached the dominance and leadership character and failed to live a normal, human life – after his birth he had doubted in his human nature and grew as an outsider inside the community. His father, a successful shopkeeper with giant managing abilities and patriarchal, yet tyrannical, personality, had no other goals, except material stability and social recognition. It was him, who made Franz fail to live, who made him family-limited, unable to create his own household. Indeed, his father, Hermann Kafka, was the one, who broke his nature and drove him into literature. All of the pain, pressure, struggle and aspiration, Franz Kafka described in his writing, some of them depict the struggle between father and son, other between two worlds, yet, in any story, especially in the â€Å"Letter to His Father† (1919) and â€Å"The Metamorphosis† (1915), we can find incomprehension and longing for normal living. His earliest poems were published by Brod in 1908 in Hyperion. His first novel Der Prozess (â€Å"The Trial†) was written after another failure – he broke off an engagement with Felice Bauer – and has started it with the words of somebody’s false accusation against Josef K. Maurice Blanchot has observed that Kafka’s works are â€Å"not always only literary. Salvation is an enormous preoccupation with him, all the stronger because it is hopeless, and all the more hopeless because it is totally uncompromising. †(Banville, 2004). Most of his literary characters were animals: mole, mouse, beetle; seems like Franz was no other than a formless being, who was looking for a way out of tough obstacles, yet is ready to be tortured, punished, destroyed. His characters are seeking for salvation, but they realize how disgusting, insignificant, unimportant they are, along with their problems and hardships. â€Å"The Judgement† is viewed by Herbert Tauber as a â€Å"vital existence in which probability and reservation rule †¦ in which every step has an incalculable importance because it is taken â€Å"Franz Kafka and being an outsider in the society† â€Å"Page #2† under the horizon of an absolute summons to the road† (Tauber, 1948). For him, it is the clash of two worlds, which existed in total isolation from each other and have no points of contacts. That is why the conflict leads to destruction. On the other hand, this conflict between father and son can be considered as a general social state that degrades with every step forward. An early story â€Å"Description of a Struggle† â€Å"is not usually considered one of Kafka’s better works and it is often dismissed by critics turned off by its fragmentary nature and lack of polish† (Pawel, 1984), highlights Ernst Pawel in his â€Å"Nightmare of Reason†; this work will not attract the new reader, yet those, who dive in the philosophy of Kafka’s readings will be encouraged to read it. The character of this three-chapter work is a symbol of discrepancy and contrast of the single community. Franz Kafka’s helplessness to negotiate or get used to the community’s lifestyle is noted in his four stories in â€Å"A Hunger Artist†. Michael Lowy, the Research Director of the National Center for Scientific Research, has viewed Kafka’s symbolism as libertarian socialism or anarchical ideology. â€Å"The libertarian inspiration is inscribed into the heart of Kafka’s novels †¦ [The] state is an impersonal system of domination which crushes, suffocates, or kills individuals, where unfreedom prevails† (Lowy, 1997). The center of the story is a paradoxical notion – artist, who accepts his profession as honor, yet practices fasting, which has an artistic aspect. The system (i. e. people) refuse to recognize him, therefore, refuse to see the reality and truthfulness of life (Dorothy W. , 2006). There is nothing but emptiness in the world. â€Å"The Stoker†, â€Å"The Man Who Disappeared† (â€Å"Der Verschollene†), or â€Å"Amerika† was an American novel for Kafka himself. The variety of names shows the complexity and differences of the novel. It is the state, where â€Å"workers are not on the side of the authorities† (Kafka, 1956). In rather humorous style, Kafka represents the Statue of Liberty with a sword; American democracy, with a shadow of authoritarian policies, is combined with bureaucratic injustice and poverty. â€Å"Franz Kafka and being an outsider in the society† â€Å"Page #3† The fiction â€Å"The Great Wall of China† â€Å"deals (duplicitously) with an other-as-self from an inside which is really an outside† (Kelen). This is another Kafka’s work that deals with symbols and metaphors, internal and external struggle and his own life of an outsider. The wall is a symbol of fear, yet, the end of empire represents the erasure of boundaries between the Western and Chinese worlds. Kafka is using his technique of the narrator to describe relation to one another and what is happening nearby. â€Å"In â€Å"Country Doctor† we witness a second type of infiltration of literary production by theories or methods schooled on Freudian psychoanalysis† (Lecture Notes, conclusion). The work is filled with doubled words (horses, carriages, patent examinations, children songs, homes), and words that have different meanings (dilemma – problem or solution, shame, information’s and people’s mislaying). â€Å"The Castle†, a philosophical novel, depicts the castle’s authorities, bureaucratic attitude and man’s struggle against the existing system. â€Å"The novel’s aesthetic and interpretive complexity, it will be seen, underlines the multi-layered meaning of salvation itself, in a modern world in which salvation is not necessarily one of divine grace, of deliverance from sin and damnation† (Panichas, 2004). The totalitarian authorities, impersonal system that is built in hierarchical order are shown as apparatus that rules over the lay people, who must be subordinated to this machine. It is manipulation and control that is obvious in any modern society and the procedures it governs and inevitable for every citizen. â€Å"K. gains through her personality some insight into a possible solution of his quest, and, when he speaks of her with affection, he seems himself to be breaking through his sense of isolation† (Encyclopedia Britannica). Kafka, as a living example of outsider, who had made his way to live in the community, all through his works has depicted the world of contrasts, where everyone lives in isolation, trying, at the same time, to find his place in the community. Works Cited: 1. Banville J. (October, 2004). The Human Stain. The Nation. October 18 issue. 2. Dorothy W. Franz Kafka’s â€Å"A Hunger Artist† December 15, 2006 Retrieved from the website â€Å"Of Books and Bicycles† on February 25, 2008 http://ofbooksandbikes. blogspot. com/2006/12/franz-kafkas-hunger-artist. html 3. Encyclopedia Britannica. Franz Kafka. Works. Retrieved on February 25, 2008 from http://www. britannica. com/eb/article-3813/Franz-Kafka 4. Humanitas, G. (March, 2004). Kafka’s afflicted vision: a literary-theological critique. (Franz Kafka). Humanitas. 5. F. Kafka. (1956). Amerika. Frankfurt: Fischer Publishing House. pp. 15, 161. 6. Kelen, C. The Great Wall of China and Kafka’s Limitless Tropology. Queen: a journal of rhetoric and power. Vol. 2. 1. Power and Recolonization. 7. Lecture Notes: Franz Kafka, â€Å"A Country Doctor†. Washington Courses. Retrieved on February 25, 2008 from http://courses. washington. edu/freudlit/Doctor. Notes. html 8. Lowy, M. (1997). Franz Kafka and Libertarian Socialism. New Politics. Vol. 6. no. 3. 9. Pawel, Ernst (1984). The Nightmare of Reason: A Life of Franz Kafka. New York: Farrar-Straus-Giroux, p. 160-163. 10. Tauber, Herbert. (1948). Franz Kafka: An interpretation of his works. Yale University Press.